Kidney stones have been steadily increasing in prevalence globally.  Men are generally more prone to kidney stones than women, and individuals aged 30-60 are at a higher risk. The etiology of kidney stones is multifactorial, involving genetic predisposition, dietary habits, dehydration, and metabolic factors. Oxalate, calcium, and uric acid stones represent the major types, with calcium oxalate stones accounting for about 80% of cases. Diets rich in oxalates, calcium, and purines, coupled with inadequate fluid intake, can lead to the formation of these painful stones.

Prevention strategies emphasize maintaining proper hydration, adopting a balanced diet, and modifying lifestyle factors. Treatment options range from conservative measures, including increased fluid intake and dietary modifications, to medical interventions such as medications to dissolve stones or surgical procedures for larger stones that may cause obstruction. 

Natural remedies for kidney stones encompass various approaches that may aid in prevention or alleviation of symptoms, often complementing conventional treatments. Magnesium-rich foods like leafy greens and whole grains may impede stone formation by binding to oxalates, while tart cherry juice, known for its anti-inflammatory properties, might reduce discomfort associated with stones. Citrus fruits, such as lemons and oranges, containing citrate, can inhibit stone development by binding to calcium. Adequate hydration, mainly through water intake, remains crucial in diluting urine and decreasing stone-forming substances. Herbal remedies like basil, dandelion root, and chanca piedra are believed to support kidney health, with chanca piedra particularly thought to aid in breaking down stones. Dietary modifications, including reducing sodium and oxalate-rich food consumption while ensuring adequate calcium intake, play a pivotal role. While these natural approaches hold promise, consulting a healthcare professional remains essential, especially for individuals with a history of kidney stones or other medical conditions, to devise a comprehensive treatment plan.